请问self-insurance会增加公司价值吗

如果reputational risk 中will 是对应creditor, 而can是对应counterparties的话，这样的话就暗示了一个先后还款顺序，那么就不符合第二个名誉风险形式（对所有利益相关者公平对待）

估值和风险模型中的operational risk 中是包含了legal risk，但是这里为什么会把两个分为不同的类别呢

情景分析和压力测试都有多维的吗

请问压力测试和情景分析有什么区别吗，谢谢啦

bank's loan losses rise by 3.2% of assets to 4% next year. (We assume that other items on the income statement in Table 1-3 are unaffected.) The result will be a pre-tax net operating loss of 2.6% of assets (0.6 - 3.2 = -2.6). Assuming a tax rate of 30%, this would result in an after-tax loss of about 1.8% of assets. 税后1.8%是怎么算出来的？

第三种和第四种怎么结束债券了？

One measure of the performance of a bank is return on equity (ROE). Tables 1-2 and 1-3 show that the DLC's before-tax ROE is 0.6/5 or 12%. If this is considered unsatisfactory, one way DLC might consider improving its ROE is by buying back its shares and replacing them with deposits so that equity financing is lower and ROE is higher. For example, if it moved to the balance sheet 请问DLC 啥意思？

老师这个执行价格21是假设的吗？ 在算的时候是不是一定要先假设一个执行价格

在statement2中'by using ordinary least squares methods'能不能解释一下，它们之间有什么方法上的用途或者其他的？