Given the following spot and forward rates: Current 1-year spot rate is 5.4%. One-year forward rate one year from today is 7.52%. One-year forward rare two years from today is 12.56%. One-year forward rate three years from today is 13.3%. The value of a 4-year, 10% annual-pay, $1,000 par value bond is closest to: A $996. B $1022.62. C $1,086. 老师这题怎么想？这种题就没对过，公式写对了也很难算对，

请问第10题出处是哪里 相关知识点考啥

这题我想到一个问题，如果不断的雇新工人，mc=900，margin profits=100，mr=1000，并不会产生任何变化吗？而不会是成一个随工人数量变化而变化的函数，这是为什么？是因为工人都是独立工作彼此不影响吗？

不是应该long a put?

请问老师，第一年的interet expense不是PV*I/Y么？为什么算出PV后要先减第一年的PMT再乘呢？

b为什么不对？

Regarding an equally-weighted portfolio made up of a large number of assets, choose one of the following contributes the most to the volatility of the portfolio: A Standard deviation of the individual assets. B Average covariance between all pairs of assets. C Average variance of the individual assets. 这题什么原理呢？

If there is more underperformance for the portfolio, the shape of the portfolio’s return compared to the normal distribution is: A Leptokurtic B Platykurtic C Mesokurtic 这题什么原理呢？说这个组合表现不好，是怎么不好？是涨幅小还是波动大也没说，return区间也没说，怎么取夏普来看呢？

希望给个form呀！

这个为什么要用样本标准差而不是用整体标准差来计算？