开三次根号计算器怎么算呢

Given the following spot and forward rates: Current 1-year spot rate is 5.4%. One-year forward rate one year from today is 7.52%. One-year forward rare two years from today is 12.56%. One-year forward rate three years from today is 13.3%. The value of a 4-year, 10% annual-pay, $1,000 par value bond is closest to: A $996. B $1022.62. C $1,086. 这道题如果用 金融计算器该怎么按，？每期的收益都不一样

老师，题干只说样本容量大，没说均值和方差已知啊

老师，你好，还是不明白这题为什么用after fee而不能用before fee? 为什么Management and incentive fees are calculated independently 一定是在after fee的基础上？

In assigning credit ratings, the practice of notching by the rating agencies is least likely used to quantify the: A probability of default. B priority of payment in the event of default. C potential severity of loss in the event of default. 老师，能否详细解析下这道题，有点弄不明白

老师，你好，如图，这题目有句话：After one year, net of their respective management and incentive fees, the investment in Alpha is valued at GBP80 million and the investment in ABC is valued at GBP140 million.感觉是说扣除了它们各自的管理费和奖励金之后的价值？ 另外，题目没有给hurdle rate,为什么默认按全部增值的部分计算奖励金呢

老师上课说考一收一支，那么一支为什么是负的cogs，cogs算资产类科目吗

这个题目要求是用capm模型算，但是试了一下ddm模型为啥这两种方法算出来结果不一样？

那个tax loss carry forward不是会产生DTA吗？为啥不考虑啊？

Quantitative Directional是什么策略？