请老师解答一下这个题 没看懂呀

老师，为什么R&D是DTA啊？

p115，35题 答案没看懂。GPM=gross profit/net rev计算选C 答案说的是什么意思

p113，26题，115是哪来的

p111，22题，为什么不上B，而是A

p111，18题，A、B是可以出售前的费用，资本化 老师，都是CFO，C是什么现金流？

请问老师，这道题要是不看这个=号，怎么理解答案？老师说把要怀疑的想要拒绝的作为原假设，这道题我就感觉mean excess benchmark就被怀疑的，可以作为原假设

22. If an investor’s utility function is expressed as U=E(r)−12Aσ2 and the measure for risk aversion has a value of 2, the risk-averse investor is most likely to choose: A. Investment 1. B. Investment 2. C. Investment 3. B is correct. Investment 2 provides the highest utility value (0.1836) for a risk-averse investor who has a measure of risk aversion equal to 2. Investment Expected Return (%) Expected Standard Deviation (%) Utility A = 2 1 18 2 0.1796 2 19 8 0.1836 3 20 15 0.1775 4 18 30 0.0900 麻烦老师讲解一下，为什么我计算的U值，与答案不一样呢？

22. If an investor’s utility function is expressed as U=E(r)−12Aσ2 and the measure for risk aversion has a value of 2, the risk-averse investor is most likely to choose: A. Investment 1. B. Investment 2. C. Investment 3. B is correct. Investment 2 provides the highest utility value (0.1836) for a risk-averse investor who has a measure of risk aversion equal to 2. Investment Expected Return (%) Expected Standard Deviation (%) Utility A = 2 1 18 2 0.1796 2 19 8 0.1836 3 20 15 0.1775 4 18 30 0.0900

课堂上是Price可以用对数正态分布，Return一般用正态分布。这道题的解答为什么用的是Return用的Ln？