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姚奕2023-05-10 11:34:06
此题其实就是简单地考今年新增的热点文章“inflation:A look under the hood”。文章的主要观点是:
高通胀和低通胀时期非常不同,尤其是在其自我稳定的特性以及企业和工人如何应对相对价格变化方面。
保持低通胀环境至关重要,需要确保相对价格变化不会转化为根深蒂固的通胀。从低通胀体制向高通胀体制的转变尤其具有挑战性,因为它们往往是自我强化的。
货币政策通过其运作框架的特点以及政策立场的灵活和及时调整,在确保低通胀制度的持久性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
具体到低通胀和高通胀的性质区别上:
Low-inflation regimes:
Tend to have low correlations between price changes. They tend to be self-equilibrating (self-stabilizing), where relative price changes do not typically last long or impact aggregate inflation significantly.
Price spillovers also decline, and the persistence of aggregate inflation also tends to decline in low-inflation regimes.
High-inflation regimes:
Not self-equilibrating, and they are impacted by large relative price changes and by currency depreciations.
Experience more spillover of price changes across sectors.
记住上述这几个具体的差异结论,就是这篇文章的主要知识点。
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