-2023-04-21 11:03:34
老师,请总结一下“independent regulator”和“SRO”的不同点分别都有哪些,谢谢。
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Vincent2023-04-21 16:27:50
你好
差异点就是SRO归属于自律机构,是private organization.
独立监管者属于国家支持的独立监管机构,是public背景。
“Government-backed regulatory bodies can be either governmental departments and agencies or independent regulators, which derive their power and authority from the state. 由政府支持的监管机构可以是政府部门和机构,也可以是独立的监管机构,它们可以从国家那里获得权力和授权”
独立监管者有别于一般的政府部门,是为了减少政治因素的干扰,体现专业治理。(其实,当年英国开始搞独立监管者还有一个原因是缩小公务员数量,因为划归独立监管者,其员工就不再是公务员了)
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谢谢Vincent老师。两个追问如下:
(1)请问independent regulator具有“ enacts and enforces regulations across a broad range of businesses, including the steel industry.”的权力吗?我记得它虽然隶属政府部门,但既不通过政府集资,也不具有颁布法律法规的权力,仅具有执法权。请老师进一步梳理一下这一块知识点。
(2)同理,SRO(获政府授权)是否具有“enforce the regulation”的权力呢?我记得至少它绝不具有颁布法律法规的权力。
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关于以上追问的第一点,截图是来自该章节官网上的一个case。补充的截图如下:
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你好
有的,既然政府给与了authority, 该regulator就有了对相关行业颁布行政法令的权力。
Although government departments and agencies make many regulations, independent regulators can also make regulations in accordance with their powers and objectives.
SRO也有,比如美国FINRA就是SRO
其网站显示:
On its website, FINRA states:
FINRA is dedicated to protecting investors and safeguarding market integrity in a manner
that facilitates vibrant capital markets.
FINRA plays a critical role in ensuring the integrity of America’s financial system—all at no cost
to taxpayers. Working under the supervision of the Securities and Exchange Commission, we:
■ Write and enforce rules governing the ethical activities of all registered broker-dealer firms and registered brokers in the U.S.;
■ Examine firms for compliance with those rules;
■ Foster market transparency; and
■ Educate investors.
你看第一条”write and enforce" 说明其有制定相关法规的权力。
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谢谢Vincent老师详细并附上例子的贴心解答。
嗯嗯,即independent regulator和SRO的相同之处是,除了两者都不依靠government funding 外,还都具有颁布和执法的权力。是这样理解吗?
另外,官网这题(上面追问的截图),TCB之所以是independent regulator而非SRO是因为:(1)established 20 years ago by government statute;(2)across a broad range of businesses吗?
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你好
同学你说的第一点对的
第二点也对,就是你提到的第一个原因。SRO区别于独立监管者在于私立的背景,既然是有政府建立的,就是公立的背景,就是独立监管者。
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