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YL2023-06-21 09:37:16

Module 4-书P267-Practice Problems-Question 26-(1)Discouraged worker不算在number of unemployment的?为什么discouraged worker 增加,会减少unemployment rate?是unemployment rate的分子还是分母,发生了变化?根据答案所说,既然discouraged workers 不算入number of unemployment, 那么discouraged worker的减少或增加,应该不会影响unemployment rate变动.(2)B和C选项,是怎么影响unemployment rate的?

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Alex2023-06-22 07:58:20

你好同学

(1)这题目里问的是“most likely”。如果一个人是Unemployed,然后他变成了 Discouraged worker,Unemployment rate分子变小,那么失业率会下降。这也是某些国家粉饰失业率的手段。如果这个人是employed,然后变成Discouraged worker,失业率自然不会变。
(2)increase in Underemployed不会影响Participation rate,所以B错
         a decrease in Voluntarily unemployed person会增加labor force,继而增大Participation rate,所以C错。

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追问
(1)Discouraged worker不属于unemployed的?书上第几页有明确写? (2)解答中第2行:如果这个人是employed,然后变成Discouraged worker,失业率自然不会变。我的疑问是,失业率=unemployed/labor force, 由于discouraged worker既不属于employed, 也不属于unemployed, 所以不包括在labor force之内,所以失业率不变? (3)underemployed以及voluntarily unemployed属于employed, 还是unemployed, 还是labor force, 还是total population? (4)答复第2点:increase in Underemployed不会影响Participation rate,所以B错--- underemployed既不算入participation rate的分子labor force之中,也不算入participation rate的分母total population of working age之中? (5)答复第2点:a decrease in Voluntarily unemployed person会增加labor force,继而增大Participation rate,所以C错。---我的疑问是:书(2022-L1V2)P237写的是voluntarily unemployed: A person voluntarily outside the labor force. 既然不包括,那么为什么a decrease in voluntarily unemployed person 会增加labor force? 并且是怎么影响participation rate的?具体影响的是participation rate=labor force/total population分子还是分母?
追答
(1)237页Discouraged worker的定义: A person who has stopped looking for a job. Perhaps because of a weak economy, the discouraged worker has given up seeking employment. Discouraged workers are statistically outside the labor force (similar to children and retirees), which means they are not counted in the official unemployment rate. (2) 不好意思,这种情况失业率应该是变大。如果一个人从employed变成了discouraged worker,那么lobor force会减小,失业率会增加。 (3)underemployed算employed;Voluntarily unemployed算total population of working age,不算在labor force 中 (4)因为underemployed算employed,所以如果一个人从unemployed变成了underemployed,Participation rate的分子分母都不受影响 (5)这个人原先是Voluntarily unemployed,他现在不管是决定employed还是unemployed,都会增大Labor force分子。

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